The sun is vital for life on Earth. But the sun also poses a threat to human beings, particularly when they don’t prioritize sun protection. Ultraviolet rays of the sun can cause damage to the skin, eyes and more, leading to premature aging, sunburn and even cancer.
Wearing sunglasses while in the sun and routinely applying sunscreen are some simple ways people can protect themselves from sun damage. Johns Hopkins Medicine says proper sunscreen use helps prevent most of the poor effects of sun exposure. Sunscreen needs to become a part of one’s daily routine rather than just something to apply before a visit to the beach. The American Academy of Dermatology Association offers these tips from board-certified dermatologists regarding the proper use of sunscreen.
Use SPF 30 or higher. Choose a sunscreen that has a sun protection factor (SPF) of 30 or higher, and look for one that is water-resistant and provides broad-spectrum coverage, which handles UVA and UVB rays.
Try tinted iron oxide. Sunscreens that are tinted with iron oxide offer better protection for the skin against the development of dark spots. Iron oxide protects the skin from the sun’s visible light.
Apply ahead of time. It takes approximately 15 minutes for the skin to absorb sunscreen and provide protection. Therefore, it’s best to apply it well before heading outdoors.
Don’t be stingy. It’s important to use enough sunscreen. Most adults need about one ounce, at a minimum, of sunscreen. That’s about enough to fill a shot glass. This will help fully cover skin that is not protected by clothing. When applying sunscreen to the face, at least one teaspoon is needed. Always rub sunscreen thoroughly into the skin to ensure it is absorbed and evenly distributed.
Recognize order doesn’t matter. As long as the sunscreen is at least SPF 30, water-resistant and broad-spectrum, the order it is applied does not matter. It can be applied before or after other skin care products and makeup. It’s best for a person to figure out what works for their routine.
Know that most ingredients work. Sunscreens are often grouped into two categories: chemical and mineral. Chemical sunscreens use ingredients like octisalate or homosalate to work, while mineral sunscreens use either zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. Both chemical and mineral sunscreens are effective, but people with sensitive skin may want to go with mineral sunscreens, which often leave a noticeable white cast on the skin.
Reapply frequently. It’s important to reapply sunscreen every two hours, and immediately after swimming or sweating. People who get sunburned often use too little sunscreen or didn’t reapply the product enough.
Check the expiration date. Sunscreen expires and can become ineffective. If the sunscreen has been sitting around for awhile, it’s probably best to toss it and buy a new bottle.
